艾灸  ; 腹泻  ; 肠易激综合征  ; 溃疡性结肠炎  ; 穴位  ; 组方规律

目的 探讨近十年临床研究文献中艾灸治疗腹泻的临床应用规律。方法 收集近十年国内外数据库中艾灸治疗腹泻的临床研究文献，运用Excel 2013、SPSS 25.0及Apriori算法对艾灸治疗腹泻的病种、治疗方法及穴位组方进行数据分析。结果 共纳入300篇文献进行统计分析，结果显示艾灸以治疗慢性腹泻为主；隔药灸和温和灸较为常用；艾灸与中药结合治疗较为多见。所采用的艾灸穴位处方共涉及65个穴位，频次超过10次的穴位有天枢、神阙、关元、足三里、中脘、大肠俞、气海、上巨虚、脾俞、肾俞、命门、胃俞、三阴交、下巨虚和阴陵泉，其中天枢、神阙、关元、足三里四穴频率超过100次。从分布来看，以任脉和腹部的穴位居多。聚类分析发现核心穴位有天枢、上巨虚-肾俞-大肠俞-三阴交、中脘-脾俞-神阙-关元、足三里-胃俞-命门、气海-下巨虚-阴陵泉。穴位关联性分析发现天枢-关元为最常用穴对。结论 艾灸治疗腹泻以慢性腹泻为主，治疗方法多采用温和灸、隔物灸，穴位以天枢、神阙、关元、足三里的使用频率最高，以天枢-关元合用较为多见。

Moxibustion  ; Diarrhea  ; Irritable bowel syndrome  ; Ulcerative colitis  ; Acupoints  ; Prescription rules

Objective To investigate the clinical application of moxibustion in the treatment of diarrhea in recent 10 years.Methods The clinical research literature of moxibustion in treating diarrhea was collected from the database in China and abroad (2008-2018). Excel 2013, SPSS 25.0 and Apriori algorithm was used to analyze the selection, frequency, matching, channels of related acupoints, and classification of diarrhea and moxibustion methods.Results Among the 300 articles included, we found that moxibustion was mainly used in treating chronic diarrhea. Mild moxibustion and indirect moxibustion were most used in clinical practice. 65 acupoints were used in the acupoint prescription of diarrhea moxibustion treatment, and 15 acupoints used in more than 10 times, including Tianshu (ST25), Shenque (CV8), Guanyuan (CV4), Zusanli (ST36), Zhongwan (CV12), Dachangshu (BL25), Qihai (CV6), Shangjuxu (ST37), Pishu (BL20), Shenshu (BL23), Mingmen (DU4), Weishu (BL21), Sanyinjiao (SP6), Xiajuxu (ST39) and Yinlingquan (SP9). Tianshu (ST25), Shenque (CV8), Guanyuan (CV4) and Zusanli (ST36) were used more than 100 times. In terms of distribution, most of acupoints distributed in REN Channel and on abdomen. Cluster analysis showed that core acupoints were Tianshu (ST25), Shangjuxu (ST37)-Shenshu (BL23)- Dachangshu (BL25)- Sanyinjiao (SP6), Zhongwan (CV12)- Pishu (BL20)- Shenque (CV8)- Guanyuan (CV4), Zusanli (ST36)- Weishu (BL21)- Mingmen (DU4), Qihai (CV6)- Xiajuxu (ST39)- Yinlingquan (SP9). Acupoints correlation analysis found that Tianshu (ST25)- Guanyuan (CV4) was the most common point pair.Conclusion Through analysis of moxibustion treatment in diarrhea and its prescription rules, moxibustion is effective in treating chronic diarrhea. The most common moxibustion are mild moxibustion and indirect moxibustion. Tianshu (ST25), Shenque (CV8), Guanyuan (CV4) and Zusanli (ST36) are most common used. Tianshu (ST25) is frequently combined used with Guanyuan (CV4). It provides a certain objective basis for summing up the experience of moxibustion in treating diarrhea in clinic.